What’s the difference between parchment paper and wax paper. Aren’t they practically identical? My neighbor insists otherwise.

When it comes to cooking and baking, the type of paper you use can make all the difference in the ease of preparation and the quality of the final product. Although they may look similar on the shelf and are often located in the same section of the grocery store, parchment paper and wax paper have distinct characteristics that make each particularly suited for certain tasks in the kitchen.
Understanding these differences is key to achieving the best results and also to avoid potential kitchen disasters. In this article, we’ll explore the primary distinctions between parchment paper and wax paper and explain why they’re not as interchangeable as some might think.
Differences in Composition and Manufacture
1. Parchment paper, also known as baking paper, is made from cellulose fibers—usually wood or cotton—which are treated with an acid during production to make the paper strong even when it gets wet. The surface of parchment paper is typically coated with silicone, which provides a non-stick, heat-resistant, and moisture-resistant surface ideal for baking and cooking.
2. Wax paper, on the other hand, is also made from cellulose fibers but is coated with a layer of paraffin wax, making it moisture-proof. However, the wax coating is not heat resistant and can melt when exposed to high temperatures, which means wax paper is not suitable for baking or cooking processes where it would be exposed to direct heat.
Differences in Uses and Applications
1. Parchment paper is oven-safe up to a certain temperature, typically specified by the manufacturer, usually in the range of 420-450°F (215-232°C). This makes it perfect for lining baking sheets when baking cookies, roasting vegetables, and making candies or pastries. Its non-stick property ensures that foods release easily without the need for additional grease. It can also be used to create parchment packets for “en papillote” cooking, where food is steamed within a folded and sealed pouch.